Light must be properly focused onto the retina—the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye in order to see clearly using a process called refraction. When the eye does not refract light correctly, it results in a “refractive error,” causing blurred vision. Nearsightedness (myopia), farsightedness (hyperopia) and presbyopia are common types of refractive errors that affect how clearly an individual can see objects up close or at a distance.
Nearsightedness (Myopia)
Nearsightedness, or myopia, occurs when a person can see nearby objects clearly but has difficulty seeing objects in the distance. This happens when light is focused in front of the retina instead of directly on it. The two primary causes of myopia are:
- The eyeball is too long, preventing light from reaching the correct focal point.
- The cornea is too curved or strong, bending light too soon before it reaches the retina
Myopia can develop at any age and often worsens over time.
Farsightedness (Hyperopia)
Farsightedness, or hyperopia, is the opposite of myopia. Individuals with hyperopia can see distant objects clearly but struggle with near vision, such as reading or working on a computer. This occurs when light is focused behind the retina instead of directly on it. Hyperopia is typically caused by:
- The eyeball is too short, preventing light from focusing properly.
- A cornea that is too flat or weak, leading to inadequate focusing power.
People with hyperopia may experience eye strain, headaches, or discomfort when performing close-up tasks due to the extra effort their eyes must exert to focus.
Presbyopia
Presbyopia is an age-related condition in which the eye gradually loses its ability to focus on close objects. It typically becomes noticeable around the age of 40 and continues to progress over time.
This occurs because the lens of the eye becomes less flexible, making it harder to adjust focus between near and distant objects. Common symptoms include difficulty reading small print, eye strain, headaches, and needing to hold reading materials at arm’s length.
Treatment Options for Myopia, Hyperopia and Presbyopia
Myopia, hyperopia and presbyopia can be effectively corrected with prescription eyeglasses or contact lenses, which help direct light onto the retina for clear vision. If an individual experiences both near and distance vision difficulties, multifocal lenses are available to assist with seeing at various distances.
At Tamas EyeCare, we offer a premium selection of high-quality lenses to ensure you enjoy the sharpest, most comfortable vision possible – including the world-renowned Zeiss lenses. As a global leader in optics, Zeiss, based in Germany, is known for its precision engineering, durability, and cutting-edge technology, delivering customized clarity like no other. We also provide top-tier lens options from trusted brands like Hoya and Nikon, allowing you to choose the perfect fit for your vision needs.
Importance of Regular Eye Exams
Blurry vision is not always caused by refractive errors like myopia, hyperopia or presbyopia, which is why regular eye exams are essential. An optometrist can diagnose the root cause of vision problems and recommend the best corrective solution based on your lifestyle and vision needs. For more information or to schedule an eye exam, book online, or contact Tamas EyeCare at (587) 755-6060 or email frontdesk@tamaseyecare.com.
